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What This Guide Helps With
Brake pedals not engaging, stretcher rolling when brakes applied, or caster locking system not functioning properly.
Step-by-Step Troubleshooting
Ensure Patient Safety First
- Remove the stretcher from active patient use if brakes are not holding.
- Transfer the patient to a safe, stable surface.
Why it matters: Uncontrolled movement can lead to patient falls or staff injury.
Verify the Reported Issue
- Engage and disengage the brake pedal while observing caster behavior.
- Check if all wheels lock.
- Check if the stretcher is still able to roll.
- Determine if the issue is intermittent or constant.
Expected: All casters should firmly lock when brakes are engaged.
Why it matters: Confirms whether it’s a full system failure or isolated to one wheel.
Check Brake Pedal Linkage and Movement
- Operate the brake pedal and observe smooth travel.
- Check for full engagement (not loose or stuck).
- Ensure pedal returns to neutral position.
Expected: Pedal moves freely and fully engages/disengages brakes.
Why it matters: Mechanical linkage issues are a common external failure point.
Inspect for Obstructions or Debris in Casters
- Visually inspect all casters for hair, tape, or debris wrapped around wheels.
- Check for dirt buildup around brake mechanisms.
- Remove any debris and retest.
Expected: Casters rotate and lock freely without obstruction.
Why it matters: Debris can prevent full brake engagement.
Check Individual Casters for Locking Function
- Engage brakes and test each wheel individually.
- Attempt to rotate each caster.
- Identify if one or more casters are not locking.
Expected: All casters should resist movement when locked.
Why it matters: A single failed caster can make the entire system appear ineffective.
Inspect Brake Rods and Linkages Under the Frame
- Visually check accessible linkage rods connecting the pedal to casters.
- Look for bent rods.
- Check for disconnected linkage.
- Check for loose hardware.
- Do not disassemble—only inspect visible components.
Expected: Linkage is intact and moves when pedal is pressed.
Why it matters: Mechanical disconnection prevents brake force from reaching casters.
Check for Uneven Floor Contact or Load Distribution
- Ensure stretcher is on a flat surface.
- Confirm all wheels are contacting the floor.
- Check for frame twisting or uneven load.
Expected: Even contact allows all brakes to engage properly.
Why it matters: Uneven load can prevent certain casters from locking.
Test Brake Function Under Load
- Apply brakes and gently attempt to move the stretcher with weight applied.
Expected: Stretcher should not roll under normal force.
Why it matters: Confirms real-world brake performance, not just unloaded function.
If the Problem Persists
If all external checks and adjustments have been completed and the brake system still fails, the issue is likely internal (worn brake assemblies, internal linkage failure, or caster mechanism failure).
Remove the stretcher from service, label it Out of Service, and send it for repair or bench evaluation.
Knowing when to stop is proper troubleshooting.
Clinical Use Tip
Never troubleshoot brake issues with a patient on the stretcher. Always transfer the patient first to prevent unintended movement.
Work Order Documentation (CCR Method)
CCR = Complaint, Cause, Resolution
Complaint
What was reported by the clinical staff.
Example:
"Staff reported stretcher brakes not holding and unit rolling when parked."
Cause
What was observed during troubleshooting.
Example:
"Debris buildup and one caster not locking properly due to worn brake mechanism."
Resolution
What action was taken.
Example:
"Removed debris, identified faulty caster, and removed stretcher from service for caster replacement."
Helpful Details to Include (If Known)
- Brake pedal travel normal or loose
- Number of casters locking vs not locking
- Presence of debris in wheels
- Linkage condition (intact/bent/disconnected)
- Floor surface during testing
- Final device status (in service or removed)
Final Thought
Brake failures are high-risk issues that require immediate attention. Always start with simple mechanical checks, but do not hesitate to escalate when braking reliability is compromised. Proper documentation and timely removal from service protect both patients and staff.
That is successful troubleshooting.